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Step 1: Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in plant cells
Step 2: Water molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen
Step 3: Carbon dioxide from the air is captured
Step 4: Hydrogen and CO₂ combine to form glucose (sugar)
Step 5: Oxygen is released as a byproduct into the atmosphere
Result: The plant now has glucose for energy and growth

Supply and demand determines prices in a market. Here are everyday examples:

• Concert tickets: High demand + limited supply = higher prices
• Seasonal produce: Strawberries are cheap in summer (high supply), expensive in winter (low supply)
• Technology: New phones start expensive, then prices drop as newer models come out
• Housing: Limited housing + many people wanting to live there = high rent

Picture a cell membrane as a semi-permeable fence with tiny gates. On one side, lots of free water molecules bouncing around. On the other side, water mixed with large sugar molecules that can't fit through the gates.

Water flows from where there's more of it to where there's less — like a crowded room where people naturally move to the emptier side until both sides are equally full.

Electrical current is like water flowing through pipes:

• Voltage = water pressure → pushes things through
• Current = flow rate → how much actually moves
• Resistance = pipe width → narrow pipes restrict flow
• Battery = water pump → creates the pressure
• Switch = valve → opens or closes the flow